Twins; Identical and Ferternal

Kevin Le Mr. Smith Health Period: 5 11 January 2013 Twins; Identical and Fraternal When it comes to people in the Earth twins are interesting to  see. It use  to be  a mystery of how a mother can give birth to more than one baby. In the past year there are more birth of twins, and more type of multiple births. There are some reasons for a mother to give birth to twins; the first reason is multiple eggs  are released. Another reason is one of the egg  is being released  and then splits into two. When a person thinks about a twin they think of identical twin, but there’s more there are fraternal twin (twins  born  the same day, but don’t look alike. and  there is conjoin  twin (twins  born  out conjoin. ) What is the difference between these three, there is no difference they were all born on the same day, but they have different physical appearance. Fraternal twins are still twins, but different gender one will be a boy and the other will be girl. Lastly the other difference between them and identical twins is that fraternal twins don’t share the same DNA as identical twins. To find out if a mother has a twin a mother  is recommended  to have an ultrasound.In some research it  is said  that during the beginning to the twelfth week of pregnancy there is a risk of having Vanishing Twin Syndrome. This happen when one of baby began to stop growing or neither of the baby is getting  the nutrition from  the mother, and when one of the baby born and the other is  still-born. There are some factors that increase the odd of a mother having twins. The first  reason  is advance age mother from the 30s and 40s have a high chance of having twin because their ovaries are more likely to produce more than one egg at a time.Second reason is mother who have gave birth to a child already each time she is pregnant she has a higher chance each time to have twin. Third  reason  is if she is a twin she has a good chanc e to have twins, or if one of her sibling gave birth to twin then she will have a good chance to have twin. The last  reason  is African women has the highest chance of having twin while Asian women have a low chance. When having a single baby one of the female ovaries release one egg, and then the egg joins with sperm of the male partner. Then the fertilized egg began to develop a baby.Then when having multiple babies the female ovaries release two eggs at the same time. Then a separate sperm from the male partner began to fertilize with the egg, which will produce twins. When a female is about to give birth to three or more baby the process of it is about  like  when a female giving birth to twins. When about to give birth to twins or being pregnant with one can cause risk and dangers to twins. The major risk of having one was  preterm  labor. Preterm  labor is when the baby is born three to four weeks before the baby  was assigned to  be born.If a mother is conc ern that she is having  preterm labor  there is sign. The signs are a mother is beginning to have more than five contraction hour. Also the mother began to have contraction  often, and then she is starting having cramp. Another sign is she is having an upset stomach. Lastly her vagina begins to have changes, but also she could begin to vaginal bleeding. It  is told  by doctor that the mother having multiple births that she is aware of the risk or  preterm  labor,  and  the sign of it. Another risk of having a twin is they could have twin-to-twin Transfusion Syndrome.Twin-to-twin Transfusion Syndrome is a disease of the placenta. When in pregnancy the single placenta  is shared between the two twins, during that process abnormal vessel can  have a chance  to develop, then  the connection of  the circulatory system of the twin. After, that it can develop of uneven exchange of blood flow. When that happens between the two babies one of them will give blood t o the other one which can risk of or both of the babies’ health. Lastly another risk is the twins can have  Monoamnionic Monochorionic  Twins. This disease occurs when twins  are enclosed  within a single amniotic sac.During the mother pregnancy the twins umbilical cords begins to me tangled, which result in lost of nutrients and oxygen to their body. When that happens there will be no cure, but to give birth to them. When a mother of  Monoamnionic  Monochorionic  twins she is being taking special care, and been watch for possible hospitalization. The good thing is only 1% percent of twin birth will be monoamniotic. The current survival rate for this disease is 60%. While there are risks when having multiple births for the babies, there are some that can endanger the mother’s health.Mothers that gave birth to multiple babies  have a chance  of experiencing gestational diabetes, during the stage of pregnancy. This happen, because when carrying an  ex tra  baby it  can interferes  with the mother’s body ability to process insulin. The good thing is, it  can be  controlled with a diet, but sometimes the insulin  must be  managed. This will not have an affect to the babies. Another risk is the risk for the mother to have heart problem. Recent study in Canada got sad result for mothers of multiple babies. They found out that mothers that carry two or more babies are thirteen times more likely to  have the experience  of heart failure.Not only that the risk of having a heart attack during their pregnancy stage is nearly quadruple. More research tells that the mothers can have an increase to physiological stress, explaining that each  more  baby raises the level of cardiac output. Lastly the other risk for a mother is they could have  Preeclampsia  and  PIH. When pregnant mother of multiples they could have blood pressure problem. PIH, or Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension,  is diagnosed  when the mo ther’s blood pressure is measures higher than 140 over 90. It  is recommended that a mother that is pregnant with multiple that they  should check  their blood pressure regularly.There also treatments for this some are, restricted activity, bed rest, and rarely use of medications. Severe cases can result in early delivery. While there is  PIH,  Preeclampsia  it is different. Preeclampsia  effects  in one in three moms giving birth to multiple babies. It could be treated with bed rest or medications, but the mother should closely watch because there potential risk that the mother can have kidney failure, seizures or stroke. The symptoms can usually occur after twentieth week of pregnancy, which  can be  usually found in routine check up.The symptoms are water retention, high blood pressure, proteins in the urine or the mother can began to gain more than two pounds in a week. More severe symptoms  can be  agitation or confusion, the mother begins to have mental change, nausea or vomiting, headaches, fatigue, stomach pain, or breath shortness. It is best is that the mother should contact with a doctor or caretaker if she is experiencing theses symptoms so, she could find a treatments. In the past year there have been interesting things about twins like in 1980, one in every 53 babies  born  are twins. By 2009 the number has increase to one in thirty.Another interesting thing is male twins will never  have a chance  to have twins unless their wives can the ability to produce two eggs. Also identical twins share the same DNA, but what is interesting is that they don’t share the same fingerprints. It is found that 22% of twins are born  left-handed, while it is 10% for a single baby. A mother that  before gave birth to fraternal twins has a three to four times to give birth to another set of twins. Nigeria has the highest rate of multiple births, while in China they have the lowest rate the average in one in three hu ndreds babies.Study has shown that a  woman who  is vegan has five times less likely to have twins than to a woman who eats meat. A study in Padova, Italy found out that the babies began to interact at fourteen weeks. Lastly 40% of twins invent their own language. In the past years twins were fascinated, but now they are not as much fascinated since the birth of twins has increase. Not only the birth has increase, but also there has been diseases found in twins. Identical, fraternal, and conjoin yes they are all different twin, but all three has something common.

Sometimes, you stumble into love

Love usually refers to an emotion that you â€Å"fall† into. It acts as a series of feelings that catches you off balance and can cause a great deal of pain when you come crashing to the end of that exhilarating emotional fall. However, sometimes you can accidentally stumble into love as well. You might not even know what the feeling of love is until you straighten yourself out and look closer at the person who was kind enough to catch hold of you before you hit the painful end. I happened to be one of the lucky ones who stumbled into love, unexpectedly and whole heartedly. My first love was the person who was kind enough to catch me and support me with patience while I straightened myself out and finally realized the word I was looking for to describe my feelings for him: Love. I was fifteen when I started working as a carhop at the local 50’s diner in town. My job included making colossal ice cream treats for our customers and delivering food and drinks out to their cars in the middle of the searing summer heat. It did not take long for a young girl in this atmosphere to become a popular attraction for the local male teens in the area. Especially since the restaurant I was working at was only two blocks away from a large all male high school. With constantly being barraged with their attitudes and immaturity, love or a relationship was the last thing on my mind. Friday nights of football season were the worst, the football players and fans would pack the diner with loud raucous after game activity and lewd comments. It was on one of these chaotic nights in mid-September while I was frantically making orders for my extra carhopping customers that a young man with a powder blue ’66 mustang caught me mid-fall, literally. I had a heavy tray with large sodas and several ice cream shakes carefully arranged on it and ready to be delivered to a customer waiting in their car. As I picked up the tray from the counter and went to walk out the door, my shoe caught a fold in the carpet floor mat, and I began to stumble forward. For a moment everything was a panicked blur, and then I felt myself and my tray miraculously steadied by the weight of another person. I straightened up and looked over my food items, thankful that only a little bit of ice cream had dribbled down the side of the shake glasses. Then I looked up to see who my rescuer happened to be and gazed into the brown eyes of my first love, though I did not yet know it. To my astonishment he was actually the one blushing. I said a quick thank you to him and headed out to my impatient customers. After the busy Friday night crowd began to disperse I headed over to his table and asked him if he wanted anything to eat or drink; it would be my treat for him helping me to save that order of food and possibly some of my pride. He asked if I had time to have a Coke with him before he left, so I took my dinner break and spent the next half hour talking with him. We exchanged email addresses and promised to keep in touch. Soon through email correspondences and local hang outs we became good friends. I soon learned that he, being nineteen years old, had just graduated from high school the previous year. His new plan for a career included enlisting in the U.S. Air Force. Before I knew it he was signed up and deployed for a one year tour of duty in South Korea. Read also  Summary : Love Is Never Silent But even though he was half a world away, we never missed a beat in each other’s lives. Emails or letters, and on rare occasions a short phone call, would keep us connected to the ongoing events in each other’s corner of the world. Neither of us at the time were doing very well, he was suffering culture shock and home sickness, while I struggled under the pressure of school work, career work and parents who were overprotective and had high expectations of their youngest and only daughter. While I labored away in school I began having doubts about how much of my ambition was my own and how much of that ambition was fueled by my parents. I struggled with my chosen college, chosen career field and even whether or not I wanted to attend school right away after high school graduation. My parents wanted me to go to a near by University, I wanted to go to one that was nearly halfway across the country. There were bitter fights in our home and at times it seemed like my only support came from the man stationed so far away. The only confidence I had in myself came from his encouragement at that point. Later, when he came back to the U.S., I promised to visit him after my own high school graduation. At that point it would have been two years since we had seen each other and I wanted to see him again before I got too busy as I rededicated myself to upcoming college school work. However, I had my doubts about seeing him and I could not figure out why. I had become nervous and fidgety about meeting him face to face again after so long, even though we had talked consistently on the phone for months. One night when he pressed me for an exact date and time that I would be able to visit, I told him all about my reasons for hesitating to visit. Amazingly, he laughed and sheepishly admitted he had very similar feelings of his own about the reunion. Then at the end, he blurted out those three profound words, â€Å"I love you.† It took me a minute to process the thought, and another minute to actually appreciate it, and finally the light of realization clicked on and I recognized I loved him as well. After a few moments of awkward silence while I gathered my thoughts I was able to reciprocate those words to him. Sometimes, people stumble into love quite literally. The person who catches and supports you can do such a good job of it that you barely feel yourself falling into love. In the end it is not a painful emotional crash that breaks your heart, but a crash of realization that makes you realize just what your heart was trying to tell you all along. Stumbling or falling, love has a way of catching hold of you when you least expect it. References Carmichael, J. (2006) Re: Love Interview Questions. Online email interview. Retrieved 14 July 2006. Hotmail. Hall, R. L. (2000). The Human Embrace: The Love of Philosophy and the Philosophy of Love: Kierkegaard, Cavell, Nussbaum. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press. Retrieved July 16, 2006, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=98167535

Postal Service Wants to Offer Payday Loans

Even though it loses massive quantities of it every year, the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) wants to loan you money. Short-term â€Å"payday† loans are just one of the financial services the USPS has proposed offering though Post Offices in order to serve the scores of American â€Å"unbanked† individuals and families, while protecting them from predatory payday lenders and, of course, bettering its own dismal financial status. According to a report from the USPS’ inspector general, one in four U.S. households lives at least partially outside the financial mainstream -- without bank accounts or using costly services like payday lenders – and spends an average of $2,412 each year just on interest and fees for such alternative financial services. â€Å"Many of the 34 million financially underserved households — representing 68 million adults — are treading water very close to the economic edge,† wrote the inspector general. â€Å"Unexpected expenses can push them over the brink into homelessness or bankruptcy, which come with broad social and economic costs.† The inspector general estimates the USPS could bring in almost $9 billion a year by capturing just 10% of the $89 billion spent on alternative financial services in the U.S. every year. â€Å"Postal financial services may appeal to many customers who feel abandoned by major financial institutions,† states the report. â€Å"Postal organizations have an unmatched ability to reach consumers from diverse backgrounds.† As the report notes, many international postal services are already garnering significant new revenue by offering financial services. Of course, the USPS also hopes to make money by charging interest on these short-term loans, but at a far lower rate than those charged by traditional payday lenders. USPS Brand Payday Loan vs. Traditional Payday Loans The USPS inspector general suggests the Postal Service could offer short-term – payday – loans with interest rates of 28%, compared to the average interest rate of 391% charged by traditional payday lenders. For example, a person borrowing $375 from a traditional payday lender would end up having to pay back a total of about $896, including $521 in interest and fees. The same $375 borrowed from the USPS would end up costing only $423, including $48 in interest and fees. â€Å"That single loan from the Postal Service could effectively put $472 back into a consumer’s pocket, which he or she could then use on more economically productive expenses,† stated the report. â€Å"If even one-tenth of the 12 million Americans who take out a payday loan each year got this hypothetical Postal Loan instead, they could collectively save more than half a billion dollars a year in fees and interest.† In addition, says the inspector general, short-term Postal Service loans would allow the estimated 10 million unbanked U.S. households which cannot afford high-interest rate payday loans to borrow the money they need. â€Å"There is a wide range of consumers who need access to small-dollar credit, and the Postal Loan could strongly appeal to these different types of borrowers,† noted the inspector general. â€Å"For example, people whose income varies throughout the year, consumers with no other avenues to credit, families with unexpected expenses, and others.† Finally, contends the report, affordable Postal Service loans would help people break the â€Å"cycle of debt,† that forces them to borrow more money to make payments on existing loans. According to a 2104 report from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, more than 80% of payday loans are either extended or followed by another loan less than two weeks later. While the â€Å"average† interest rate for traditional payday loans may be 391%, the Consumer Federation of America (CFA) has warned consumers of online payday lenders charging interest rates of 650% USPS Vows Not to Compete with Banks If you own a bank, don’t worry. The inspector general makes it perfectly clear that the USPS has no intention of becoming a bank or even competing with banks. Instead, says his report, in offering small short-term loans and other financial services, the Postal Service would â€Å"greatly complement† the services offered by banks. Correctly noting that banks are closing branches in inner city low-income and rural areas nationwide, the inspector general says the USPS would help banks â€Å"fill the gaps in their efforts to reach the underserved.† And remember, â€Å"The Postal Service also is among the most trusted companies in America, and trust is a critical element for implementing financial services,† he added. Also See: Postal Services Wants to Deliver Groceries

Relationship Between Helper And Helper Essay - 1327 Words

For me, the most important role of values in the helping relationship is about the helping process that will lead to effective helping outcomes, helper function as a whole person, as a skilled technician and while in contact with helpee. Helper’s personhood is about thinking which enable the helper to evaluate helping process while in progress. It likely that helper may think and evaluates themselves, their helpee, and the helping process privately after the process. The roles of value in the helping relationship are to focus on questions that helper tend to ask when are alone. Firstly, the thought is about helping process theory and as a guide, which necessitate frequent question that is always asked; â€Å"Why does a particular method or strategy work or not work? This is known as mental theorizing that denotes rational rather than a feeling function. Helper requires a guiding theory to assist to make sense of complex helping process. It is believed that helper can help others without a thought about theory, but if it means working systematically in helping process, they require some â€Å"hooks† to execute the experiences and several frameworks of references in attainment perspectives on their work and improving the services. The core value of theory is to give direction to action phase of helping, however theory may not be required to begin a relationship, but it is important when making a decision to assist helpee in behavior change, and helper is required to have clearShow MoreRelatedCounselling P1717 Words   |  3 Pagesinitiating, maintain ing, developing and concluding a helping relationship A helping relationship is a relationship between the professional and the patient/client which aims to help the client get through difficult situations and encourage the client to overcome their issues. Gerard Egan’s 3 Stage Skilled Helper Mode 1994, provides a basic guideline on how helping relationships should be carried out. It is important that helpers take into consideration the steps provided in the Egan’s modeRead MoreThe Animal Helper And The Human Hero1336 Words   |  6 Pageswill define the role of the animal helper and the theme of protection for the human hero in the fairy tale tradition. In the classical fairy tale, the â€Å"donor† or animal helper is a crucial element to the survival and success of the mina hero, since they are typically animals that provide assistance in the journey or quest. This form of intervention is an important aspect of the animal helper’s role in guiding the hero towards self-realization. The animal helper also supports the notion of a heroicRead MoreThe Genesis Creation Account, As A Normative Lens As Male Dominant Essay952 Words   |  4 Pagesstated in Gen. 2:18-23 God believes that man needs a helper, who wi ll complement him and satisfy his needs for companionship. According to God â€Å"‘it is not good that the man should be alone’† This companion is intended to be ‘ezer kenegdo, directly translated to mean â€Å"a helper suitable for him,† yet through the translations from the original Hebrew to English, the notion of a helper suitable for man has vanished; instead, the English word helper implies â€Å"a subordinate, indeed, an inferior† to himRead MoreAnalyse Egans 3 Stage Model of Counselling Essay1720 Words   |  7 PagesAnalyse Egan’s three stages of helping along with thee factors involved when ending the counselling contract. Gerard Egan’s Skilled Helper Model of eclectically based counselling provides a structured and solution focused basis for counsellors, psychotherapists and hypnotherapists. It is a three stage model in which each state consists of specific skills that the therapist uses to help the client move forwards. Egan considered his method to be more about prevention than cure. By mastering theRead MoreConsent Of A Client For The First Time Essay1237 Words   |  5 Pagesclient statement and a helper response to depict each of the following: a. Paraphrase Client: I am so mad at my parents! Helper: You’re feeling angry today. b. summarization of content Client: I’m so mad at my friends. They never care about how I feel. They gang up on me all of the time. They don’t even listen to me. I don’t even know why I’m friends with them. Helper: So, you’re not feeling heard by your friends, and you’re not sure in which direction your relationship is headed in. c. open-endedRead MoreWhat Makes An Effective Helper?1631 Words   |  7 PagesWhat It Takes to be an Effective Helper There are a variety of reasons that brought me to want to be in the human services field of work, but the most important reason, was the diagnose given to my family that my son had a learning disability called autism. I do not know how to prepare myself or move forward, nor did I know how to look for or find resources to help us, and when it came to his education, I was at a complete loss. As a parent, I knew I had to do something, and that started with placingRead MoreGerard Egan1524 Words   |  7 PagesAn Easy Introduction to Egan’s Skilled Helper Solution Focused Counselling Approach By Patrick JM Nelson Part One What is it? Gerard Egan’s Skilled Helper Model of eclectically based counselling provides a structured and solution focused basis for counsellors, psychotherapists and hypnotherapists. It is a three stage model in which each state consists of specific skills that the therapist uses to help the client move forwards. By mastering the process of using these basic skills in an appropriateRead MoreWomen s Views On The Church Essay748 Words   |  3 Pagesbe ‘in front of’ or ‘visible’ to Adam, which would symbolize equality in all respects. Even more, one can argue that the female is the helper who rules over the one she helps!† The egalitarian view sees no distinction in roles between husband and wife, and leadership within the church for the male or female. The complementarian view makes a distinction between the roles of husband and wife in marriage, and within the church men can lead, teach, preach, and be pastors. Women are forbidden from theseRead MoreNonverbal Forms of Communication that Can Be Used in Building a Thearpeutic Relationship1220 Words   |  5 Pagestherapeutic relationship, as well as a safe environment for young children who have been sexually abused, and the need for the inclusion of Art Therapy and Play Therapy in TF-CBT as a way for children to communicate their Trauma Narrative (TN) without the need for adult-level verbal competencies (Pretorius Pfeifer, 2010). Body Nonverbal behavior is of extraordinary importance when working with any client, and even more so when working with children who have been sexually abused. Helpers must beRead MoreRelating to others1574 Words   |  7 PagesWithin this assignment I will explore the ways in which I relate to others. I will identify any barriers or difficulties which could affect my ability to relate to others and therefore have an adverse effect on my role as a helper. Egan (1994) states that to be a fully developed helper, a key component is self awareness. He also suggests that there can be a â€Å"shadow side† to helping, which can adversely affect the outcome of the helping process. Sanders et al (2009, p.69) examines the importance of

Top College Essay Editing Service Tips!

Top College Essay Editing Service Tips! The customized college essay provider may supply you with support on your composing tasks so that you could have a rest and perform precisely what you truly desire. The college has to be assuming that the issue you've determined is essential for the training class. Fully being a real student is in fact a rather troublesome part of routine life. Scribbr college premium do words in 1 day max like I remember. You should be aware that a paper preparation is made up of a couple stages, and editing is just one of them. After receiving edited essay, you will understand all your mistakes and quit making them later on. For some women and men, producing essays is one of the most troublesome projects on Earth. You will most likely find a lot of types of higher education essays on the world wide web, that being said, it's most effective to remember that does not every the essays have good quality. Our services have been shown to be among the most well-known ones. You should have your reasons, and our principal concern is that you find yourself getting a great grade. Even in the event the deadline is coming soon, we'll do our very best to be sure you task is accomplished on You are able to keep in touch with your own personal editor and explore any occurring problems or make extra comments. Our customer support will gladly tell you whether there are any special offers at the present time, in addition to make sure you are getting the very best service our business can deliver. Our technicians will kindly answer every one of your questions. There are a lot of reasons why you must prefer our services. Our services don't just cater to you for short-term objectives. On a more modest place of authority, it may also lead to more detail concerning the use of menus to select cloud solutions since they can help students conduct different water quality undertaking, students use of. On account of the deadlines and the degree of studying, it can be difficult for students to locate great assistance. Since colleges only admit an extremely modest selection of students annually, you want to impress admissions officers. Since they only admit an extremely limited amount of college pupils a year, you would like to impress admissions officers. The Most Popular College Essay Editing Service Thus, your effective communication with an essays editor will guarantee that you will receive precisely what you demand. Consequently, it's vital that you build a realistic essay. Statements newspaper you've got to compose a scholarship essay. Creating essays is a significant component of almost every college student's scholastic existence. Consulting a thesaurus can give an alternate vocabulary to utilize in your essay. 30-3-2018 Essay editing businesses supply you with the competitive edge needed to become prosperous. There are lots of essay writing services that think they're the very best, and therefore don't be cheated and check the authentic collection of the very best. Students A growing number of students are looking for essay writing apps to help them improve the standard of their paper or thesis. You will discover it doesn't need to be hard and that there are those who are at all times prepared to support you, whether you're handling college application essay editing or any other writing assignment. Now it's fairly challenging to track down a reliable essay writing assistance. Verify and revise your essay before you're satisfied by it. If you'd like to purchase essay from us, you can be positive you will find a great bit of writing. Whenever your essay is already written, you can assume that the work was done. You are going to receive unique texts, which will be finished in time. College essay is quite important on the portion of all students. College informative article is also rather important to the part of students. Today you find it possible to observe that editing will be much greater than simply adjusting a few mis prints.

Breaches and Enhance Business Sustainability †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Breaches and Enhance Business Sustainability. Answer: Introduction Technological advances have, and continues to positively affect our societies and everyday lives. However, they also have led to cybercrime, which comprises criminal actions done on the World Wide Web. Cybercrime has made a lot of effects in our communities including our individual lives, businesses, and governmental systems. Progressively our lives are strongly tied to the Internet through the growing web technology. Our personal details comprising monetary, medical, spending activities, photographs, and emails are stored on the web. We have adopted cloud computing which involves storing sensitive data and information on the Internet. Yet we cant really tell whether such technologies are completely safe. Emerging technologies are constantly developing as the world remains and becomes more and more coupled every single day, which leads to increasing complexity with hardware and software systems. As a result, this has presented more chances for hackers to exploit new vulnerabilities. Companies are nowadays forced to adopt cyber security procedures, and continue to spend a lot resources in order to defend themselves against cyber-attacks. This report investigates cyber security by understanding current existing cyber security procedures, factors that influence it, effects of not implementing it and initiatives that can be taken to minimize and manage cyber-security risks more effectively. The rate at which cyber-crime is occurring keeps increasing. Cyber security policies and procedures are also increasingly being set up. However, even with cyber security processes in place, cyber-attacks are on the rise. The problem this report solves are the challenges in cyber security procedures and the reasons they are yet to yield the anticipated results, as well as propose innovative processes of handling cyber security threats. Technology is developing increasingly and keeps changing how we live, communicate and do business through disruptive technologies. With the growth of the Internet, business systems are more improved and more connected to each other and holds confidential data and information. However, amidst the benefits that technology offers come great risks and challenges including cyber threats. It is imperative for organizations to realize the risks brought about by cybercrime, as well as minimize and defend against them. Cybercrime: Four levels of thinking Cybercrime involves threats and attacks against computer systems via the Internet (Salim, 2014). Statistics demonstrates that cyber-attacks are developing at an alarming rate. With the formation of emerging technologies, it has become hard to ensure that computer systems including hardware, software, networks, and web transmissions are secured (Salim Madnick, 2014).Almost all modern organizations have adopted technology and are now holding important customer information and equally important business intelligence information on their Internet accessed web systems which have increases cyber-attacks. Cybercrime rates have doubled all over the globe. A recent study in Australia showed that, more than 60 percent of organizations surveyed in 2016 had detected a security incident. (Osman, 2017). According to the Australian Cybercrime Online Reporting Network(ACORN), online fraud makes up 49 percent of all reported incidents (Johnston, 2016). Cybercrime continues to increase with time and advancing technology. The recent and largest ransom ware cyber-attack, WannaCry, saw 150 countries suffer the attack effects (Liptak, 2017). The world is said to be a global village because of the Interconnection through the Internet. Technology adoption will continue to expand and develop. If there are no necessary policies put in place to prevent cybercrime, it will continually be a great risk for both individuals and organizations. Figure 1 below shows that cybercrime is the leading cause of data breach attack (Passeri, 2016). Underlying cybercrime structures Internationally, different countries continue to face the challenge of effectively addressing the problem of illegal cyber activity and cybercrime victimization. Cybercrime is encouraged by the fact that IT hardware and software is now closely interlinked in the Internet of Things as shown in Figure 2. Another underlying structure is that hackers are making use of advancing technology to attack network systems. Nowadays, a lot of reports about bank theft, data and information theft, system intrusion are on the increase- which depicts the absence of cyber security. Lack of cyber security means not protecting systems, data and information processes, which thereby allow threats. Cyber security involves the technologies, tools, hardware, software, processes and procedures that are used to protect ICT systems against cybercrime (AustralianComputerSociety, 2016). Cyber security spending has been projected to surpass $1 trillion from 2017 to 2021 (Morgan, 2017). As our world increasingly shifts to accessing products and services online, protecting our web systems structures has to become essential for all computer systems worldwide. Cybersecurity is key to organizations, and involves the protection of computer systems and data from cyber threats and attacks. Cyber security: Protects businesses from internal and external cyber threats; Protects computer networks and information from illegal entrance Improves data and information security and enhances business stability management Develops stakeholder assurance in your information security arrangement Increases company authorizations through the use of the right security controls Provides quick recovery times in the event of data breach Factors that influence cyber security There are many factors influencing the success of cyber security procedures according to (Miliefsky, 2017) including the following: Lack of installing security procedures much as business have continued to suffer computer breaches, they do not install mechanisms to secure their systems against attackers which increases cybercrime. Attack detection - It takes long to discover a security threat - The average time between when an attack happens and when it is discovered is 280 days. Employee training if company staff are not continuously trained on cyber security, they continue to be the weakest link against securing computer systems. Cyber Insurance businesses are now able to pay for cyber security policy cover so that incase an attack hits, theres business continuity Intranets security organization are not implementing intranet security which largely affects whether an attack will work or not. User Security system users including employees and clients should make strong passwords and constantly change them. This may stop the possibility of a data breach. Impacts of ineffective cyber security procedures Lack of cyber security is a great risk for both small, medium sized and large organizations. Cyber-attacks result to huge financial losses for businesses which can arise from information theft and financial theft, inability to carry perform online transactions, loss of contract deals and expenses connected with repairing affected computer systems Reputation damage for organization leading to loss of sales, clients and reduction in profits Legal consequences leading to fines and regulatory sanctions since organizations are required to protect customer data and information Solutions to ineffective cyber security measures Organizations can adopt the following measures to minimize cyber-attacks and enhance cyber security policies and techniques: Sensitize employees on security awareness Employ skilled staff on cyber security Create and maintain cyber security budgets Ensure system and department collaboration Implement software patch updates Perform penetration testing to test system vulnerabilities Secure organization intranets Conclusion Today, the technology industry is constantly evolving. ICT components are getting more connected than ever with the advent of advances as the Internet of Things. There have been an emphasis on mechanisms for protecting ICT systems from threats by policy makers. Some effective instruments for defending the privacy and the prevention of unlawful scrutiny, and sharing of information and tools used to intelligently gather data can be valuable cyber security tools. Business organizations need to implement cyber security processes continuously to be able to stand against data breaches and enhance business sustainability. References AustralianComputerSociety, 2016. Cybersecurity: Threats, Challenges, Opportunities. [Online] Available at: https://www.acs.org.au/content/dam/acs/acs-publications/ACS_Cybersecurity_Guide.pdf [Accessed 28 Augsut 2017]. Johnston, R., 2016. Gizmodo: Over 39,000 Cases Of Cybercrime Reported In Australia Last Year. [Online] Available at: https://www.gizmodo.com.au/2016/01/over-39000-cases-of-cybercrime-reported-in-australia-last-year/ [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Lagazio, M., Sherif, N. Cushman, M., 2014. A multi-level approach to understanding the impact of cyber crime on the financial sector. Science Direct, Volume 45, pp. Pages 58- 74 . Liptak, A., 2017. The Verge: The WannaCry ransomware attack has spread to 150 countries. [Online] Available at: https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/14/15637888/authorities-wannacry-ransomware-attack-spread-150-countries [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Miliefsky, G., 2017. Trends and factors that continue to impact cybersecurity in 2017. [Online] Available at: https://www.propertycasualty360.com/2017/03/03/5-trends-and-factors-that-continue-to-impact-cyber?page=2slreturn=1503945108 [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Morgan, S., 2017. Top 5 cybersecurity facts, figures and statistics for 2017. [Online] Available at: https://www.csoonline.com/article/3153707/security/top-5-cybersecurity-facts-figures-and-statistics-for-2017.html [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Osman, H., 2017. ARN: Cybercrime in Australia doubled in 2016. [Online] Available at: https://www.arnnet.com.au/article/616804/cybercrime-australia-doubled-2016/ [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Passeri, P., 2016. January 2016 Cyber Attacks Statistics. [Online] Available at: https://www.hackmageddon.com/2016/02/16/january-2016-cyber-attacks-statistics/ [Accessed 26 August 2017]. Salim, H., 2014. Cyber Safety:A Systems Thinking and Systems Theory Approach. [Online] Available at: https://web.mit.edu/smadnick/www/wp/2014-07.pdf [Accessed 27 August 2017]. Salim, H. Madnick, S., 2014. Cyber Safety: A Systems Thinking and Systems Theory Approach. [Online] Available at: https://ic3.mit.edu/sites/default/files/documents/2014-12.pdf [Accessed 26 August 2017].

Interactive Communication Skills Essay Example

Interactive Communication Skills Essay Youre supposed to tell people what to do. All too often, though, people in management positions forget to make expectations clear, so make sure your employees or supervises know exactly what you want from them on every project. Make Expectations Reasonable With budget cuts sweeping the nation, more and more people are shouldering extra responsibilities. From volunteers at non profits to high level employees at large corporations, were all working extra hard. In this climate, its important to keep seasonable expectations. Dont give people tasks that are doomed to failure. If your company or department is suffering from budget cuts or employee losses, productivity may dip, so its important not to blame employees for things theyre not responsible for. Correct Mistakes When someone makes a mistake, let them know. This gives them an opportunity to correct it rather than making the same mistake. Correcting mistakes does not mean youre being a bully. Rather, it means youre giving people a chance to succeed. We will write a custom essay sample on Interactive Communication Skills specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Interactive Communication Skills specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Interactive Communication Skills specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Communicate When youre in a position of power that allows you to see the big picture, it can be say to forget that not everyone has the benefit of your birds eye view. Communicate frequently with people you supervise about future plans, projects, and goals. Make sure to communicate both the positive and negative. Too often, bosses get caught up in criticizing rather than praising, so avoid this common mistake. Treat Employees Like People You shouldnt be overly involved in your employees personal lives in most cases, but that doesnt mean its not a good idea to invest in them as people. Make small talk and convey a sense of genuine care for them as people. Remembering birthdays, offering condolences when someone dies, and creating a team environment can lead to a substantially better working environment. Criticize Constructively Criticism can be beneficial to a persons Job performance, but not if they feel like theyre being torn down as a human being. Rather than questioning a persons dedication or competence, give specific instructions about what they can do differently. Dont engage in blaming or name calling. Offer Praise Perhaps the most important thing a good boss does is to offer praise when someone does something right. Aim to praise everyone at least twice as often as you criticize them. Even employees who are slacking off or not performing well can benefit from regular praise. When people feel good about themselves they tend to do better. Accept Criticism Perhaps the most critical difference between good bosses and great ones is that great bosses are willing to accept constructive criticism. Ask your employees what you can do to be a better supervisor, and be willing to listen to their concerns. Dont Engage in Office Gossip Every office has its own politics, with in groups, out groups, and cliques. Dont get manage, will suffer. Treat each employee equally, and dont Judge performance based upon how much you or someone else likes a particular employee. Dont Be a Pushover Its true that some of the worst bosses are Just blatantly mean, but being a pushover can be equally problematic. If youre afraid of confrontation, your employees dont have a chance to get meaningful feedback and improve at their Jobs. Work to straddle the line between being a pushover and a bully, and instead be assertive but kind. Your employees will be grateful for your combination of assertiveness and friendliness. 0 QUALITIES A SUPERVISOR SHOULD HAVE The 10 main qualities required are: 1 . Great communication skills: As a supervisor one must communicate clearly and correctly to avoid misunderstandings and frustrations. When receiving information from a subordinate, she should be sure to receive it correctly There is no harm in asking again if necessary. 2. Adapt to the changes: World is changing at a fast pace. The efficient supervisors ought to keep up with it. Do not Just blindly follow the age old norms and rules. Think out of the box if required. Adjust to the needs of the organization. 3. Value the employees: The people are any supervisors real asset. They are ones running the business and the work. A good supervisor understands their worth and treats them accordingly. 4. A coacher/mentor: Share your experience. A good supervisor shares her wisdom, knowledge and experience with the employees. She helps them perform better. This also strengthens the bond and the trust between them. 5. Disciplined: If a supervisor is disciplined then only can she expect the people to be so. The boss is an example Come on time, meet the time- lines, set a behavioral code if necessary. 6. Feedback/incentives: Promotions, feedback, raises and accolades should be showered on the deserving people. 7. Be an example: Be hands on Do not Just always delegate. At times the boss should take on projects too. She may try picking up something less attractive or uninteresting and complete it wonderfully. This sets an example to all the team about taking up challenges and about how any work is important. . Be approachable: The employees should not hesitate in approaching the supervisor with their concerns and problems. An efficient supervisor will make sure that there is enough trust and openness teeny her and the employees for the latter to come to her with their grievances. 9. Be considerate: People are not Just employees. They have families, friends and a life beyond work. Unless there is som ething urgent, do not make them work beyond the usual hours. Let them have their weekends and vacations. Be practical when setting the time-lines. This all will in turn improve the efficiency and the productivity of the employees. 10. Positive attitude: Be polite. Wish employees good mornings and be generous in thanking them. Inquire after about their families off and on. 11. Criticize instructively: When mistakes happen a good supervisor tries and understands the reasons behind the mishap. She criticizes or assesses the employee in proportion to the mistake. And it is always better to not to scream or scold in front of the others. Give constructive feedback; show them the right way to do things. . Equally important is understanding and incorporating employee feedback. A good supervisor interacts effectively with her employees, maintaining open lines of communication to ensure she stays informed bout project progress and brewing problems. Empathy If you cant place yourself in your employees shoes, you cant lead them effectively. For example, a parent might not be able to work overtime, or an employee going through a hard time might need temporary special considerations. Be as accommodating as possible in the face of genuine need, and your employees will be loyal in return. Ability to Delegate A good supervisor excels in delegating tasks to those employees best-equipped to handle them. Proper delegation streamlines a project, ensuring efficiency and maximizing profitability. Poor delegation, on the other hand, compromises a project. For example, if you delegate a vital task to an inexperienced employee, the whole project can slow. Worse, you might have to backtrack to fix errors, an inefficient use of time and resources. Flexibility No single approach to management works in every situation. Rather, a good supervisor chooses tactics based on the situation. For example, as a deadline nears, you might adopt a hard-line approach to ensure the work gets done. But your employees cant operate at full-speed perpetually, so adopt a more relaxed approach during downtime between projects. This gives employees time to recover their strength. Confidence Your employees look to you for inspiration. If you seem wish-washy or fearful, theyll assume you dont know what youre doing. That insecurity will create a negative workplace atmosphere, stifling productivity. But if you display confidence and positivist, your employees will be secure in your skills as a leader. Humility While a confident and positive outlook is important, not every decision you make will work out well. When a project fails or a choice backfires, accept responsibility and learn from the mistake. Dont blame your employees for problems that resulted from your mistakes. (1) Tame yourself You have to begin by understanding your personality and taming it. If you are too quiet, you will need to work on becoming more outgoing and decisive. If you are too decisive, to the point where you scare people, you will need to work on toning yourself down. You want to become a thoughtful, considerate leader who knows where you are going and is able to communicate that properly to the team. (2) Have a goal If you dont know where you are going, you will never arrive, and no one will be able to follow you. Your goal can e as simple as providing every customer with the best service or no injuries, no deaths on the Job or make a profit. (3) Have a clear, simple message You must be able to convey your goal in a sound bite. People can understand and retain clear, simple messages. You have to be able to repeat the message at meetings, in newsletters and in general conversations. If your people know the message, they will be able to follow. (4) Look and act like a leader People have a much easier time following someone who looks as they should. Your cl othes should be clean and pressed. Your shoes should be polished. You should walk with confidence. (5) Be trustworthy People wont follow you if they dont trust you. You must be ethical and People dont trust people who say one thing at a meeting, and then say or do something different outside of the meeting. (6) Care about your people You cant supervise people if you dont like them. You shouldnt become best friends with your staff, but you should know them and know what their problems are. Because you care, you should attend their weddings, and the funerals of their close family members. Because you are their leader, you should not attend more personal unctions, such as their birthday parties. You need to keep yourself concerned with your staff, but not intimately involved with them. If you are really not a people person, consider another, non-managerial position in your organization. Ruth Hag (wry. Managerial. Com) is the President and CEO of Hag Environmental Company, a hazardous waste consulting firm. Ruth is also a business management consultant. She trains supervisors to identify their shortcomings and tame them, while creating management systems that focus on their employees rather than themselves. She is also the author of several books, including a four-book series on supervisory management which includes Taming Your Inner Supervisor, Day to Day Supervising, Hiring and Firing and Why Projects Fail. She and her partner, Bob Hag, host the weekly radio show Manage Living, which can be heard on-demand on her site. 5 most important skills to become an effective supervisor 1 . Delegation skills: This is one of the most important supervisory skills and requires logical rules and technique for proper assignment. Effective delegation saves time, develops people, motivates the team and increases the production. Poor delegation will result in frustration, De-motivation and creates confusion among the sub- ordinates. The delegated task must be specific, measurable, realistic, agreed, time bound, ethical and recorded. 2. Interpersonal Skills: Employers appreciate supervisors who get along with people at all levels and so they hire supervisors with good interpersonal skills like communication, problem solving skills and team building skills. Interpersonal skill helps to build a trust between you and the sub- ordinates and thus able to work harmoniously and efficiently. 3. Performance valuation skills: Evaluation of employee performance is one of the most challenging aspects of a supervisors Job. This evaluation improves employees Job satisfaction and morale by letting him/her know that the supervisor is interested in their Job progress and personal development. This serves as systematic guide in planning employees further training, assist in determining special talents, skills and capabilities. PEP also provides an opportunity for employees to discuss Job problems and interests. 4. Training Skills: It is a supervisors Job to identify and impart training to the employees on regular basis. It helps in increasing the Job knowledge and skills of the employees and thus expand the overall personality of the employee to achieve individual goal and organization goals. 5. Decision making skill: This is an important skill required for a supervisor in order to complete their Job responsibilities. Best way is to solve problems by selecting one course of action from several possible alternatives where the positive outcome can outweigh possible losses. Avoiding decision may be easier; however, making own decision and accepting the consequences is the best way to stay control of your time and success.